![]() Refer to individual engine manufacturer recommendations regarding compatibility with API FA-4 oils. These oils are formulated for use in on-highway applications with diesel fuel sulfur content up to 15 ppm (0.0015% by weight). Use only when specifically recommended by the manufacturer.ĪPI Service Category FA-4 describes certain XW-30 oils specifically formulated for use in select high-speed four-stroke cycle diesel engines designed to meet 2017 model year on-highway greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards. Use only when specifically recommended by the manufacturer.įor older engines no performance requirement. They may be used where API Service Category SH and earlier categories are recommended.įor older engines. Product Approval Code of Practice and may utilize the API Base Oil Interchange and Viscosity Grade Engine Testing Oils meeting API SH requirements have been tested according to the American Chemistry Council (ACC) Gasoline engines in present and earlier passenger cars, vans, and light trucks operating under manufacturers recommended They may be used where API Service Category SJ and earlier categories are recommended.Ĭategory SJ was adopted in 1996 to describe engine oil first mandated in 1997. Oils meeting API SL requirements have been tested according to the American ChemistryĬouncil (ACC) Product Approval Code of Practice and may utilize the API Base Oil Interchange and Viscosity Grade Engine Present and earlier passenger cars, sports utility vehicles, vans and light trucks operating under vehicle manufacturers It is for use in service typical of gasoline engines in They may be used where API Service Category SJ and SL earlier categoriesĬategory SL was adopted to describe engine oils for use in 2001. Specification and/or qualify as Energy Conserving. ![]() Some SM oils may also meet the latest ILSAC Protection, and better low-temperature performance over the life of the oil. API SN with Resource Conservingmatches ILSAC GF-5 by combining API SN performance with improved fuel economy, turbocharger protection, emission control systemcompatibility, and protection of engines operating on ethanol-containing fuels up to E85.Ĭategory SM oils are designed to provide improved oxidation resistance, improved deposit protection, better wear Introduced in October 20 and older vehicles, designed to provide improved high temperature deposit protection for pistons, more stringent sludge control, and seal compatibility. It was developed in accordance with OEMs request for motor oils that can protect from the potentially catastrophic effects of Low-Speed Pre-Ignition (also known as LSPI, more info here). Licensed from May 1, 2018, API SN Plus is a new API classification that can be used alongside API SN, API SN with Resource Conserving and ILSAC GF-5. Higher numbers reflect better protection for high-heat and high-load situations.API API Engine Oil Service Category Charts Gasoline Engines "S" (Think of the “W” as meaning “Winter.”) The classifications increase numerically the lower the number, the lower the temperature at which the oil can be used for safe and effective engine protection. The “W” indicates it is suitable for use in cold temperatures. These viscosity grades designate the specific ranges in which the particular oil falls. The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) has developed several viscosity classifications or grades, such as 5W-30, 10W-40 and 15W-50. Synthetics typically have a higher VI than conventional oils. It is measured by comparing the viscosity of the oil at 40☌ (104☏) with its viscosity at 100☌ (212☏). The higher the VI, the less the viscosity changes with temperatures changes and the better the oil protects the engine. Wouldn’t it be handy to have a number that indicated the oil’s viscosity change? We do, and it’s called the Viscosity Index (VI). When an oil is used at a variety of temperatures, as with most engines, the change in viscosity should be as minimal as possible. ![]() Although oil must flow at cold temperatures to lubricate the engine at startup, it must also remain thick enough to protect the engine at high operating temperatures. The viscosity of oil varies with changes in temperature – thinner when hot, thicker when cold. Viscosity refers to the oil’s resistance to flow and is the most important property of an oil. ![]() In part 2 we discussed what “jobs” or functions a motor must do in todays engines. ![]()
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